What is a Rectangular Prism

What is a Rectangular Prism What is a Rectangular Prism? In geometry, a rectangular prism is a solid object which has identical bases with flat faces, and same cross-section throughout its length. A rectangular prism is a solid box-shaped 3-dimensional object whose faces are all rectangles. A rectangular prism has a total 6 flat faces and all angles are at right angles as shown in the figure below. A rectangular prism consists of 2 rectangular bases and 4 rectangular sides. The bases are congruent and parallel to each other. Since every prism is a polyhedron (solid with flat faces), hence it does not consist of any curved sides. The same is applied to a rectangular prism and hence it is also a polyhedron with no curved sides. A rectangular prism has 8 vertices, 6 faces and 12 edges as shown in the figure below. We can find plenty of examples of rectangular prisms in the world, including the very room we are sitting in. Some of the examples are skyscraper buildings, a room, a box etc. Diagonal of a Rectangular Prism: The diagonal of a rectangular prism is the line drawn to connect the opposite vertices. Finding the diagonal length is very useful in various calculations. We can calculate the diagonal of a rectangular prism if we know the measurements of the prisms length, width and the height. Let the length be = l, width = w, and height = h. Then the diagonal of a rectangular prism, d = (l2 + w2 + h2). Example: How much is the diagonal length of a rectangular prism whose length is 7m, width is 4m and height is 3m? Given that length l = 7m, width w = 4m and height, h = 3m. Diagonal of a rectangular prism, d = (l2 + w2 + h2). Hence applying the above formula, we get: d = (72 + 42 + 32). This gives us d = (49 + 16 + 9) = 74. Now, 74 can be approximated to its decimal value as 8.6m. Hence 8.6m is the diagonal length of the given rectangular prism! Lateral Area of a Rectangular Prism: Lateral Area of a rectangular prism is the area of the faces of the prism, excluding its bases. This implies that we actually consider the area of only 4 faces of the prism and do not calculate the area of the 2 bases of the prism. This only gives us the lateral area of the rectangular prism. We can find the lateral area of the rectangular prism using the formula as shown below: Lateral Area of a Rectangular Prism = Perimeter of the Base * Height L = P * h Since we are finding lateral area of a rectangular prism, hence the perimeter of the base is nothing but the perimeter of the base rectangle. We know that the perimeter of a rectangle is the sum of all its sides. This gives us that the Perimeter of a rectangle, P = 2l + 2w (where l = length and w = width) of the rectangular prism. Hence the Lateral Area of a Rectangular prism can now also be written as: Lateral Area of a Rectangular Prism = Perimeter of the Base * Height L = P * h L = (2l + 2w) * h Or L = 2lh + 2wh (l = length, w = width, h = height) Example: Calculate the lateral area of a rectangular prism if given that the length is 7m, width is 4m, and height is 3m. Given that length l = 7m, width w = 4m and height, h = 3m. Lateral area of the rectangular prism, L = Perimeter of the base * Height L = 2lh + 2wh == L = (2* 7* 3) + (2* 4 * 3) == L = 42 + 24 = 66 Hence, the Lateral Area, L = 22m * 3m = 66m2 or 66 square meters. Surface Area of a Rectangular Prism: Surface area of a rectangular prism is the surface area of all the faces of the prism. Since surface area includes the area of all the 6 faces of the prism, hence this is also known as the Total Surface Area of a rectangular prism. In order to calculate the surface area of a rectangular prism, we use the formula as shown below: Surface Area of a Rectangular Prism = Lateral Area + (2 * Area of the Base) S = L + (2 * B) Since the Lateral area is 2lh + 2wh, we can plug-in its formula in the place of L. Now, the area of the base is nothing but the area of the base rectangle. Area of a rectangle = length * width. Therefore, the area of the base, B = l * w Hence the Surface Area of a Rectangular prism can now also be written as: Surface Area of a Rectangular Prism = Lateral Area + (2 * Area of the Base) S = L + (2 * B) (Since L = 2lh + 2wh and B = l*w) S = 2lh + 2wh + 2lw (l = length, w = width, h = height) Example: Calculate the surface area of a rectangular prism if given that the length is 6m, width is 3m and height is 5m. Given that length l = 6m, width w = 3m and height, h = 5m. Surface Area of the rectangular prism, S = 2lh + 2wh + 2lw Hence, S = (2* 6* 5) + (2* 3* 5) + (2 * 6 * 3) == S = 60 + 30 + 36 = 126m2 Volume of a rectangular prism: Volume of a rectangular prism can be defined as the space available inside the prism. To understand this, we can take an example of a room. The space available within the room tells us about its volume. Similarly the space available within a rectangular prism gives us its volume. In order to find the Volume of a rectangular prism, we can use the below formula: Given the length = l, width = w and height = h Volume of a rectangular prism, V = length * width * height V = l * w * h Example: Calculate the volume of a rectangular prism if given that the length is 6m, width is 3m and height is 5m. Given that length l = 6m, width w = 3m and height, h = 5m. Volume of the rectangular prism, V = l * w * h Hence, Volume, V = 6m * 3m * 5m = 90m2 A rectangular prism, also known as a cuboid is a prism consisting of rectangles as its surfaces. It is a 3-dimensional geometric shape just like any other prism, since it consists of length, width and height. A rectangular prism has its bases as rectangles and hence its name. The total surface area of a rectangular prism is the sum of the areas of all the surfaces and the volume of a rectangular prism is the measure of space contained inside the prism. Example 1: Calculate the volume of the rectangular prism whose length is 4m, width is 1.5m and height is 3m. Given the length of the rectangular prim, l = 4m Width of the rectangular prism, w = 1.5m Height of the rectangular prism, h = 3m Volume of a rectangular prism, V = (length) * (width) * (height) Hence, volume of the rectangular prism, V = 4m * 1.5m * 3m = 18m3 Therefore, the volume of the given rectangular prism = 18m3 Example 2: Calculate the surface area of a rectangular prism given its length as 4m, width as 1.5m and height as 3m. Given the length of the rectangular prim, l= 4m Width of the rectangular prism, w= 1.5m Height of the rectangular prism, h= 3m Total Surface area of the rectangular prism, A = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh Hence Area, A = (2* 4* 1.5) + (2* 4* 3) + (2* 1.5* 3) Area, A= 12+ 24+ 9= 45 Hence, Surface area of the rectangular prism, A = 45m2

Science homework help online is for better science learning by TutorPace

Science homework help online is for better science learning by TutorPace Students have to go through many subjects in their span of being a student. All the subjects that they go through are tough as well as important for their growth. Every subject helps them to learn something better and something more. Mathematics, English, science are some of the basic subjects that helps a child to develop a path in life. Without the introduction to these subjects, the child can never move ahead. All these subjects have a special way to learn and the teachers also maintain a special process to teach it. Let us talk about science now. Science is a subject that has many layers in it. The subject is surrounded with other smaller divisions of the subject that can be course subjects in higher studies. While a student is in his or her middle school, the subject is divided into physics, chemistry and biology. These are the main divisions of the subject and every subject is far different from the other. But if a child wants to carry further the subject then it is very important to know the subject from its roots. Knowing a subject from its roots can help a child to learn better. Take benefits of Science homework help online Today every teacher is busy and in school teachers do not have adequate time to spend on one child. The intelligent ones can grasp the entire thing with ease and less time and the weaker ones have to suffer a lot. They cannot find a way out that will help them to perform better. This is the time when they need the help of a teacher or an external support that will help them with the assistance regarding the subject. After school teachers there come the private tutors who are available to help a child. The availability of a private tutor is high and you can get one of them with ease. But the important thing to think is is they much efficient with their work.   The teachers who are appointed by the parents may not be that much efficient to teach a weak student in such a manner that they can get the most help and the subject can turn out to be easy for them. It is not possible for any parent to judge a private tutor before he or she teaches your child. So, why to go in to confusion when you have another alternative. Online Tutoring The other alternative is nothing but the online tutoring method that is available. Online tutoring is slowly catching the eye balls of many parents and students as well. The entire process is new as well as much attractive and helpful as compared to other forms of teaching. Use of internet has helped any kind of work to get conducted with ease and perfection; this is also a way that has increased the internet usage. The online tutoring facility has some of the features as well that helps the entire process to be better and smoother as compared to other ways of tutoring. Let us now get into a bit of details about what is online tutoring and how does it work. Online tutoring is conducted through the help of internet and the process gets conducted through emails, online chats, video conferencing and so on. It takes less time and is highly effective. The features are noted down below that will help in making the work to be much more nearer to all. Features of online tutoring and science homework help online Among the long list of online tutoring features, some notable features are noted down. The teachers who are present there are much efficient with the subject and know how to conduct the entire process of teaching. This is because of the fact that online tutoring institutes make it a point to appoint the teachers on the basis of their qualification and their experience. The teachers have the capability to easily deal with the subject as they have a good grip over it and this helps then to move ahead.   Having a good teacher means that the student can easily come across some of the tough area so of a subject. The entire process is very much easy as the teachers have knowledge and they make it a point to plan a structure that will help the students to understand the subject and its topic with ease. The teachers of online tutoring institute have no time limitation is respect to the classes that are held. The students can easily come across some of the time to attend the classes. When you are too much busy with the other activities of life then you do not have time for any of the other things. Education is a way that will help you to lead a better life and that is only possible through a disciplined life. But with the increase in number of activities the time is not available by any of the student to attend the class and thus online tutoring helps you here with the all time availability of the classes. The one on one process is only available at online tutoring institutes. Other forms of learning cannot help you with this. The online tutoring institutes provide its students with a single teacher for a single student. This is a way through which students can learn a lot and students can get help with the problem that arises. A teacher is employed for your help all round the clock. This also develops a kind of self confidence amongst students which helps them to perform better. TutorPace can be a good online tutoring option There are many online tutoring institutes in today’s market, but among all of them you can blindly follow TutorPace for the best services. The institute is filled up with different types of brilliant teachers who will help you to know a lot more with the subject than any other way. Science homework help online is also available with TutorPace at its best.

The History of A Cappella

The History of A Cappella The History of Singing without Music ChaptersA Cappella Singing: Religious OriginsA Cappella and Its Influence through HistoryA Cappella Music TodayThe Most Famous A Cappella GroupsOf all the different types of music, a cappella is pretty special. This is music in which there’s no instrumental accompaniment. In this case, only the voice matters and all melodies need to be created vocally.A cappella groups date back centuries and they’ve been able to create polyphonic music through choral singers and choirs and even create rhythms and beats without a need for musical instruments. The ancient techniques have been around for millennia and they’re still used nowadays.In this article, we’re looking at the history of a cappella singing, its roots to the modern age, and the most popular a cappella groups around now. You’re going to learn all about performing without instruments, an art form in its own right! TraceySinging Teacher 4.92 (13) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors PortiaSinging Teacher 4.91 (11 ) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors NicolaSinging Teacher 5.00 (11) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JazzSinging Teacher 5.00 (6) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors PerrineSinging Teacher 5.00 (3) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors TiemSinging Teacher £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors TomSinging Teacher £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MiriamSinging Teacher 5.00 (4) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsA Cappella Singing: Religious OriginsWhile we can trace singing without instruments back to the origins of Man. The first records of human beings singing appear in carved texts. One of the first examples is featured on a Cuneiform tablet dating back to 2,000BCE. A cappella started in churches and monasteries. (Source: ddzphoto)However, a cappella as it’s known today dates back to religious singing. Etymologically speaking, alla cappella means “in the style of the chapel” and this singing was usually done in churches. At the time, it was accompanied by instruments like the organ.However, during the first millennium of Christianity, there weren’t any instruments. This was the same for Byzantine Orthodox rites in which the singing was never accompanied by music. Similarly, Gregorian chants were some of the first a cappella music.A lot of religious communities then decided that the hymns needed to be a cappella. The Amish, Mennonites, and other Anabaptist groups decided against the use of instruments. Jewish communities, on the other hand, didn’t ban the use of instruments except on the Sabbath.The tradition of a cappella singing originated in Europe and around the Baltic Sea, in particular, but it quickly spread across the continent a nd into the New World and peaked in the United States during the 19th century when it started influencing other styles of music.A Cappella and Its Influence through HistoryDuring the Medieval period, churches regularly performed Gregorian chants. Thanks to films and series, a cappella has never been so popular. (Source: Didgeman)It was during the 15th century that a cappella became popular in European churches and several people would sing at once. In the 16th century, a cappella music was slowly replaced by cantata, which had musical accompaniment.Famous composers included Josquin des Prez and Orlando di Lasso who created polyphonic a cappella music. The madrigal then became popular; a type of music where between 2 and 8 people sing without instrumental accompaniment. Claudio Monteverdi is a fine example of the Madrigal.  Madrigals accompanied a cappella music from the Renaissance to the Baroque period and both changed over time.In the 19th century, choirboys became popular in churches. They’d sing in the parish under the supervision of the clergy.A cappella music evolved a lot in the United States. Thanks to Peter Christian Lutkin, the dean of the Conservatory of Music at Northwestern University, founded the Northwestern A Cappella Choir in 1906.Numerous choral groups started popping up all over American universities and were often linked to the accompanying school. St. Olaf College, which has had an a cappella group since 1911, Concordia College, Augustana College, and Luther College all have a history of a cappella groups. While collegiate a cappella groups are now quite common in the United States but that doesn't mean you can't sing a cappella here in the UK.From a cappella, a new type of singing was born in the 1930s; Barbershop. This is a type of close-harmony singing with 4 voices and no instrumental accompaniment. This type of singing was inspired by the practices of barbers in the southern United States who’d sing to entice clients into their barbershops.Most barbershop quartets have the following 4 voices:A first tenorA second tenorA baritoneA bassAfter Barbershop, Doo-wop was created in the United States. This style of a cappella singing was created in the 1940s in large cities on the E ast Coast by young black Americans. Doo-wop songs tend to focus on love and don’t need musical accompaniment.A Cappella Music TodayA cappella music is no longer an essential part of mass and many churches have hymns and songs with instrumental accompaniment. That said, many religious groups still practise it but it’s not an obligation. A cappella has changed a lot since being sung by monks. (Source: pcdazero)A cappella has become more popular through radio, television, and the Internet. A cappella covers of popular songs are also making the style more attractive. Similarly, TV shows and films like Glee (with The Warblers) and Pitch Perfect have thrust the style into the limelight again. After all, the show “Glee” is based around a Glee Club, a common extracurricular activity in the US where students can practise choral music, instrumental music, or a cappella.They’re not singing old a cappella music from the Renaissance but rather performing contemporary songs in a new style. By using the singers in place of instruments (with beatboxing, for example), they can recreate popular contemporary music with a modern a cappella style.Similarly, Gospel music draws from a cappella when not using instrumental accompaniment. While mostly performed in American churches, you may recognise “Oh Happy Day”, a very popular Gospel song.There are plenty of groups recording a cappella music and artists using a cappella in different genres of music. A cappella is very popular in musicals and videos on YouTube.It’s never been easier to learn how to sing a cappella. Whether you’re learning to sing a cappella or singing with instrumental accompaniment, the process is more or less the same. You can learn to sing in school, in singing lessons, or private singing tutorials with a tutor from Superprof.Learn how to sing in key.The Most Famous A Cappella GroupsNowadays, there are plenty of famous a cappella groups. Groups like Pentatonix, Straight No Chaser, Home Free, Rockapella, Street Corner Symphony, etc. There are plenty of a cappella groups to get you started with vocal music. (Source: intmurr)A cappella is very popular in the United States and some of the most popular groups and artists include:The BlanksNaturally 7VoiceplayTake 6PentatonixHome FreeVoctavePeter HollensBobby McFerrinWe could also mention plenty of contemporary artists who use a cappella music in their music regularly or occasionally. A cappella singing is increasingly being used in other musical genres.Now you know a bit more about the history of a cappella music. If you’d like to learn more about it, check out our other articles on the subject. After that, you can always get in touch with a private singing tutor on Superprof!On Superprof, there are plenty of talented and experienced singing tutors to help you improve your voice. There are three main types of singing tutorial on offer: face-to-face tutorials, online tutorials, and group tutorials. Each type of tutorial comes with its pros and cons and some tend to be more expensive than others so you need to carefully think about what's available, how you like to learn, and what your budget it.Face-to-face tutorials are the most cost-effective type of tutorial available. This is because you're the only student and your lessons will be tailored to you and how you like to learn. Of course, this means that your tutor will be spending time outside of the tutorials planning exercises and activities for you to do during your lessons. All this extra work comes at a cost so these tutorials are also usually the most expensive per hour.Thanks to the internet, you can also get online singing tutors who'll teach you using video conferencing software. These tutors won't have to travel to you and can also schedule more tutorials each week. With less travelling time and more earning potential, online tutors tend to charge less per hour as they have fewer outgoings per lesson taught.Group tutorials are useful for students on a budget as you can share the co st of a tutor with the other students in the tutorial. Whether these other students are friends of yours or strangers, you can get an hour of tuition quite cheap if you're happy to be in a group. Of course, this does mean that you won't benefit from as much one-on-one time with your tutor.Make sure that you benefit from the fact that many tutors on Superprof offer the first hour of tuition for free so you can see if they're right for you and if you get along.

Online Tutoring What Is The Best Technology For Delivering One-on-One Online Tutoring

Online Tutoring What Is The Best Technology For Delivering One-on-One Online Tutoring Personal tutoring is the best help for your kid studying that could help them with their schoolwork. Today, online tutoring is the most convenient way to get personalized tuition with the reason that most of the parents are working and do not find time to drop and pick up their children from their tuition classes. Let us know about the best technologies used for delivering one-to-one online tutoring: Live Text based Chat Program Live Text based chat program is one of the most famous online tutoring  technologies used by several reputed tutoring websites. Several tutoring companies offer 24*7 availability of online tutors where students can learn with one-to-one personalized tutoring session via live chatting. Private chat box not only gives personal attention but offers real-time communication in one-on-one or group chat. It allows informal interaction using emotions and use of various font colors to distinguish topics, context and speakers. Instant messenger works in the same way where you may not require downloading and installing any other chat software. Live chat program is the most convenient way of tutoring with one limitation that student may not see the tutor facial expression and body language which is very important for K-12 grade students.       Interactive Whiteboard Interactive whiteboard have large display that can be connected to computer, projector and all other requisite things. The most special feature about whiteboard is the flexibility of live interactions. It is fully loaded with features can take many forms. It gives ability to project a screen from computer to whiteboard surface, control computer from the whiteboard surface using proprietary software, ability to write on it, make notes, comments and annotations, draw graphs and images on its surface or display presentations, videos, tables, animations and any other material that you wish to show while tutoring. Writing and drawing activities are performed on touch-based board via human finger or electromagnetic pen. It allows tutors and student to work on homework, assignments and even surf internet together. It allows recording audio/video session which can be played later on for revision. It allows sharing files and documents of homework, assignments, test preparation, etc. Interacti ve whiteboard is one of the best technology for delivering one-to-one online tutoring; creating a replica of the physical classroom with features like live chat, audio/video conversations. Virtual Classroom Software A lot of virtual classroom software is available in the market today to conduct high impact engaging virtual classes. A browser like tabbed user interface via flash technology gives user-friendly experience in one-to-one and grouped online tutoring. Online whiteboard enables to write and draw anything, share anything (including your screen) and record everything. It offers the similar experience like conducting traditional class with easy and effective text-based chat communication and lives audio/video communication for best results Live Audio/Video communication Live Audio/Video online tutors gives best results where the virtual classroom has a similar tutoring experience like physical classroom. It enables to conduct face-to-face classroom where the tutor and student can see facial expressions and hear multiple voices. It uses VoIP technology where both tutor and student requires microphone and webcam attached to computer having high-speed Internet. It allows seamless live audio/video streaming to connect up to 5-6 people via VoIP.                 Online Libraries Online tutoring with help of online libraries is all about accessing information on a particular academic subject from tutoring websites in the form of high impact multimedia presentations or public online libraries like YouTube. It is also the best source of guidance on a particular topic and asking your queries to the presenter. You can get a reply by the same presenter on email. Bulletin Boards Bulletin board, message board and forum are another great tool to stay in contact with the tutor available on it. You can post your queries, doubts and homework help on the board just like email. You queries and doubts will in turn be answered by the qualified tutors that are members of the bulletin board. A group of student on the same subject/topic may benefit from being able to discuss their queries among themselves. It offers one-to-one tutoring conducted to get on-the-fly answers to your questions.  Webcasts A  webcast is another popular resource offering one-to-one online tutoring services. It gives one-to-one live access to the tutor, while on other hand tutor may be communicating to number of students. It requires phone to listen and webcam to view the session. This technology offers unique online tutoring experience accessing sessions from any part of the world.  

Tutorfair and TAP supporting UCAS applications

Tutorfair and TAP supporting UCAS applications by Edd Stockwell, Tutorfair That was inspired! On 6th Feb Tutorfair and The Access Project held a UCAS workshop at Highbury Fields School, in North London. 15 tutors worked in small groups with 50 students helping them learn about selecting a course; choosing a university; writing their personal statements; and financing their degree. The four areas had professional worksheets with guidance for the tutors and handouts for the students. It was split into tight 20 minute focus groups with the students moving between the classrooms. After a nervous first session with everyone still finding their feet the sessions quickly warmed up… The small group setting enabled the students to get personal attention and feedback. Shy students were encouraged; nervous tutors quickly found their feet; and the dreams and expectations of these promising students could be bought together ready for their UCAS applications. HFS had done an amazing job helping students do work experience and encouraging them to think about their degree courses when choosing their A-levels. Several of the students were part of voluntary organisations, clubs and charities and were hungry for the support and encouragement the tutors provided. In the personal statements group students walked away with the structure and materials to really sell themselves. The aim was to emphasise why they wanted to study a particular subject and demonstrating â€" rather than just asserting â€" why they are suitable for it. The finance session covered the government’s student loan program, scholarships and way’s of living cheaply. The difference between £50k of cash, a £50k loan and £50k of student debt â€" was not lost. Choosing a university and choosing a course were more about opening up options: filling in the blanks about foreign cities and hearing the tutor’s personal stories about the courses they enjoyed and the friends they met along the way.

English Conversation Classes Talking About the 2011 Economy

English Conversation Classes Talking About the 2011 Economy We have been listening to reports and talking about the economic crisis for a few years now but how will things change in 2011? What is your view? Do you have a positive or negative outlook on the state of your country’s economy for the year ahead?Let’s learn some vocabulary that expresses how we feel:Positive Outlook I am hopeful because Consumer confidence will be restored and public spending will increase.Investors will regain (recover) their faith in our market and resume manufacturing here.The local economy will be boosted by strong exports.Government cutbacks will start to take effect.Interest rates will be reduced.Restructuring of banks will help reduce their debts.Negative Outlook I am doubtful things will improve because…The dollar remains high against local currency.Unemployment is now at record levels. A brain drain (emigration of new graduates) is causing young talent to leave the country because of the shortage of jobs.International markets have lost confidence in our currency and we might be forced into devaluation. We might not be able to pay back our loan from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and as a result could default on our  payments (or be unable to make payments on time).Lets look at the following cartoon on the economic crisis. See if you can answer the following questions based in it:Do you think this cartoon is showing the economic situation in a positive or negative light?What point is the cartoonist making?Do you agree or disagree?If you had to draw one more picture to finish the cartoon what would it show?Did you find this class helpful? Feel free to share it on Facebook and Twitter.

Parkway Schools

Parkway Schools Parkway Schools Welcome to Parkway - a district that has educated and shaped the lives of students and their families for more than 50 years! We are extremely proud of our schools, our students and staff along with our strong community. Parkway is a prestigious district in St. Louis County that is regularly at the forefront in education across the state of Missouri. Many see Parkway as not only the place to be but the school to emulate and we often serve as a benchmark for others in the state. Parkways 28 schools and Early Childhood Center are renowned for their achievements, with 17 Blue Ribbon Awards from the U.S. Department of Education and 19 Gold Star Awards from the State of Missouri. Parkway consistently ranks among the top 10 districts in Missouri on the state report card for large districts. All four traditional Parkway high schools were among countrys Best High Schools byU.S. News World Reportin 2015. Additionally, five Parkway schools are National Schools of Character - Ross Elementary, Oak Brook Elementary, McKelvey Elementary, Craig Elementary and Barretts Elementary. Parkway has consistently earned a Certificate of Excellence in Financial Reporting. Our residential tax rate is among one of the lowest in 23 St. Louis County districts. Parkway is one of only four school districts in Missouri to earn the Standard and Poors AAA bond rating. For the past three years, Parkway was selected as a Top 10 workplace in St. Louis by theSt. Louis Post-Dispatchbased on surveys of employees. We believe that setting higher expectations creates brighter futures. Parkway is well known for preparing students for college. Just under 90 percent of graduates go on to attend colleges and universities. Parkway is committed to promoting high achievement for each student. A comprehensive curriculum personalizes learning by offering 14 subject areas, online courses, real-world, experiential learning, English for Speakers of Other Languages, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math), gifted and special education. At the high school level, there is a strong emphasis on advanced placement and honors courses. We fully expect this trend to continue and believe Parkway could be a place for you to call home. Thank you for your interest in the Parkway School District. We invite you to join us in the journey of our mission to ensure all students are capable, curious, caring and confident learners who understand and respond to the challenges of an ever-changing world. View our Brochure

English Language Learners What Methods Are Best for ESL Students and Teachers

English Language Learners What Methods Are Best for ESL Students and Teachers Current ResearchGoldenberg and Coleman’s “Academic instruction in a second language” is a straight-forward article talking about the many issues and strategies in goingabout instructing for students who are currently learning the native language. In the case of the article English learners are focus here. They are often referred to as English Language Learners, or, ELLs. The authors begin by explaining how effective instruction for ELLs will share many similarities to effective instruction for native English speakers. They build on this by saying that effective instruction for ELLs will require additional approaches and resources in order to be truly effective. However the questions of what adjustments and supports will best serve ELLs in obtaining grade-level appropriate academic content are still unanswered. The authors then say that it is the responsibility of all educators to provide for their students’ education, rightly so. They reference the Supreme Decision of Lau, which says anything less than educational equity is unconstitutional.After the introduction of the chapter/article’s content, the authors go into the real essence of the content. They talk about what is effective in terms of academic instruction, things such as clear goals and directions. As said before, many of their academic instructions are effective for both ELLs and native speakers alike. They also talk about Sheltered Instruction Strategies in English, most importantly targeting content and English language objectives in every lesson. They then draw comparisons between different ways of learning English, normally called ESL teaching (English as a Second Language) or, more formally, ELD (English Language Development). ELD is teaching English through different content (with less emphasis on the actual content), and Sheltered Instruction. In the end it shows how Sheltered Instruction is a more effective strategy in instructing ELLs. This is because content-based ELD, while providing an effective means to teach the English language, is ineffective in teaching content, thus the students will fall behind academically.Thoughts From An ELL InstructorMy intellectual reaction to this article is positive. I can really make sense of what the authors were trying to convey, the biggest item being the differences between content-based ELD and Sheltered Instruction. It makes sense, as the authors pointed out, that if the objective of ELL students to simply learn English, then content-based ELD is an effective means of which to go about that. But that is not the objective here. The objective is to teach every student that walks into my classroom the content for which they are required to know in order to become educated young adults. Thus content-based ELD will not do. Sheltered Instruction (SI), as the article implies, is the way to go. The primary focus with SI is content, with language development coming second. It can be a difficult path, for student and teacher alike, with SI, but in the end will be more beneficial for the ELLs. I remember having difficult moments in high school, and could not imagine how much more difficult they would be if my comprehension of the language was still being developed, like many ELLs. I have no personal experience of this from a teacher's perspective yet, but I am sure to run into at least a handful of ELLs in my future classrooms, and I hope at that time I am able to employ effective academic instruction for them, using Sheltered Instruction in order for them to learn the content, same as their peers.There are a few questions that I walk away from after reading this article (which is good). I’d like to know to what extent Sheltered Instruction is successful in teaching content to ELLs, while still also being able to develop their English language skills. I know at the bottom there is a short bit about how in science classes ELLs are relatively at the same level as their native English speaking peers in learning content, most likely due to much of the science vocabulary being as foreign to the native speakers as to the ELLs. So I suppose that’s a partial answer for my question of how effective Sheltered Instruction could be.What Does This Mean for Our Students?As a future teacher the implications this article has on my future policy and practice are very similar to what my intellectual reaction was. This article has shown be the beginning path of what I should do in terms of practice for my classroom. Scaffolding may be necessary for any ELLs in my class, as much of the work could prove difficult for them at first. However by creating objectives for both content and language developments, I think I could help them overcome the language hurdles they experience. Differentiated instruction has been stressed on myself and my fellow cohorts since day one of this program, and I can see why. Differentiated instruction is an effective way to go about our future practices in order to accommodate for any future challenges we may be facing, be they ELLs or learning disabilities. I would hope the policy of schools whom have ELLs is more in line with Sheltered Instruction and less of content-based ELD, because if it does happen to have a content-based ELD policy, that could potentially be unconstitutional as the education they are providing is not equal, but rather, segregated.